dellavaledamian at gmail.com
ddellavale at comahue-conicet.gob.ar
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Departamento de Física Médica (DFM)
Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN)
Centro Atómico Bariloche (CAB)
R8402AGP, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
Ultradian dynamics of local and network LFP anomalies as novel dimensions characterizing focal epilepsy
In this project we demonstrated that 1) the rate of Interictal Epileptiform Discharges (IEDs) observed in stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) recordings undergoes spontaneous fluctuations over ultradian time scales, as commonly examined in clinics to guide surgical planning in epilepsy, 2) the ultradian dynamics of the IEDs rate may impair the epileptogenic zone (EZ) identification and hence is a clinically relevant factor for surgical planning, 3) propagation of IEDs from the EZ to the propagation zone (PZ) could explain the observed ultradian fluctuations in a reduced fraction of the analyzed patients (N = 35 patients with good surgical outcome: Engel I), suggesting that other factors like the excitability of the epileptogenic tissue could play a more relevant role, 4) A novel link was found between the ultradian dynamics of the overall rate of polymorphic events and the rate of specific IEDs subtypes. We exploited this feature to prospectively estimate in each patient the 5 min interictal epoch for near-optimal EZ and resected-zone (RZ) localization. These findings generated new questions about the dynamics associated with the epileptic brain. Also, the processing tools developed for this project paved the way for novel approaches to quantitatively characterize rhythmic patterns of the brain dynamics, which can not be unveiled by traditional oscillation analyses.Statistical, spatial, temporal and spectral characterization of brain avalanches with applications in neurodegenerative disorders
Brain oscillations, broadband arrhythmic activity and neuronal avalanches (NAs) are valuable conceptualizations extensively used to interpret brain data, yet, these perspectives have mainly progressed in parallel with no current consensus on a rationale linking them. This project aims to reconcile these viewpoints using non-invasive human brain recordings (scalp EEG, MEG). In the first stage of the project, we analized source-reconstructed MEG data obtained in healthy humans during eyes-closed resting state. As a result, we found that 1) the link between local above-threshold fluctuations and oscillations can be understood in terms of the group delay consistency across the spectral components of the neuronal activity (spectral group delay consistency), 2) spectral group delay consistency, transient cross-regional coherent oscillations and broadband 1/f activity, are all key ingredients for the emergence of realistic avalanches, 3) observed NAs can be segregated based on their spectral signature in two main groups having different propagation patterns, where cluster 2 avalanches is specifically related to the spread of narrowband alpha bursts across the brain network, whereas cluster 1 avalanches correspond to more spatially localized fluctuations promoted by the broadband 1/f activity, 4) large-scale spreading of alpha bursts occurs mainly via brain avalanches, which may play a functional role as a long-range interaction mechanism in the resting human brain. The second part of the project is aimed to study the brain avalanches as a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases. For this, we are developing the signal conditioning and processing pipelines to analize scalp EEG recording obtained in healthy humans and parkinsonian patients.[Preprint]
Non-invasive neuromodulation based on temporally interfering electric fields
Temporal Interference Stimulation (TIS) is an emergent non-invasive neuromodulation technique which is envisioned as a potential terapeutic tool for treating neurological disorders. The objective of this project is to tackle the two main current concerns limiting the use of TIS in clinics. First, by engineering temporal interference patterns and electrode configurations we aim to improve the spatial focality of TIS. Second, by implementing detailed computational simulations of excitable membranes, cells and mirocircuits we aim to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the effects of TIS on the brain tissue.[Preprint]